最詳細(xì)的考生經(jīng)驗(yàn)談：托福高分作文五部曲

　　關(guān)于寫作，非牛人者都認(rèn)為難以拿到滿分。偶不是牛人也不奢望拿到滿分，但卻有些經(jīng)驗(yàn)之談。大家可按以下步驟來提高：

　　第*、鞏固語法。

　　建議看賴世雄的托福高分語法；此書不長，可在10天年看完一遍。此書的功效是可讓菜鳥在10天內(nèi)領(lǐng)會(huì)必要的托福寫作文法及閱讀中遇到的文法問題，如長句子的分析?？赐甏藭銜?huì)認(rèn)為自己的英語水平提高了一個(gè)階梯，不僅僅是作文方面。

　　第二、加強(qiáng)單詞的熟悉程度。

　　建議用王玉梅的單詞表(excel版)，其實(shí)，每個(gè)不同的單詞表版本都不完美，比如大家背單詞的進(jìn)程不一樣，對同一個(gè)單詞的理解能力及熟悉程度不一致。建議自我完善下載下來的單詞表。另外，有人認(rèn)為，背完單詞也就完了，該復(fù)習(xí)其他部分了，可以完全不用再背了。其實(shí)，偶不同意這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，根據(jù)人的遺忘規(guī)律，當(dāng)時(shí)記得再牢的詞語，過一段時(shí)間都會(huì)忘掉一些。復(fù)習(xí)IBT不是一天、兩天或幾個(gè)星期能搞得定的(除非牛人)，大家需要從一開始背單詞一直支持到考試前一天，就算到后來一天看一點(diǎn)，也比不看強(qiáng)。

　　關(guān)于此表的用法：偶按照楊鵬記憶法的規(guī)定把王玉梅的詞匯表分為21個(gè)lists，就在表里最前面一列。大家可以根據(jù)楊鵬記憶法結(jié)合玉梅詞匯表操練。偶背了不到半個(gè)月已經(jīng)背完，而且不易忘，非常有效！

　　前兩點(diǎn)是基礎(chǔ)。如果具備這兩點(diǎn)的朋友，你們可以進(jìn)入第二階段的練習(xí)熟悉范文。

　　第三、建議看李笑來的高分范文。

　　有些人在看范文的時(shí)候太過于注重好詞好句，反而忽略了ETS對學(xué)生最主要、最重要的要求就是文章結(jié)構(gòu)及論點(diǎn)和論據(jù)好壞與否。ETS的考官不在乎你的觀點(diǎn)是反對呢還是贊成，或prefer哪一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，他們所在乎的是你的文章結(jié)構(gòu)清楚與否，包括觀點(diǎn)是否明確，對比是否宣明；在乎你的論點(diǎn)是否支持你的觀點(diǎn)，論據(jù)是否有力。

　　偶在此最主要的就是談?wù)撐恼陆Y(jié)構(gòu)及如何寫好論點(diǎn)，展開論據(jù)。

　　第四、要觀點(diǎn)明確 邏輯性強(qiáng)

　　基于T 友們具有了豐富的詞匯和語法的基礎(chǔ)，寫句子已經(jīng)不是什么難事。但是，如何寫好觀點(diǎn)明確、邏輯性強(qiáng)及對比宣明的好文章，一是和個(gè)人知識及想象力的多少有關(guān)，例如，It has recently been announced that a new movie theater may be built in your neighborhood. Do you support or oppose this plan? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer。

　　你家附近將要建一個(gè)電影院。你同意還是反對，詳細(xì)闡述支持你看法的原因。

　　有些基礎(chǔ)知識欠缺或者想象力不豐富的朋友，只會(huì)想到1，反對，為啥？太吵，人多；2，另一些人支持這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，為啥支持？方便，近。他們在幾分鐘能想到也就這么多了。如何提高想象能力呢？在短時(shí)間內(nèi)我們也無法提高很多，但是我們可以用一些常規(guī)的思維去思考連鎖想象法。例如，如果反對此觀點(diǎn)，電影院能讓我們想到什么不好的地方？從修建開始想破壞綠化，如果它建在咱們附近原來是草坪的地方呢？在施工的時(shí)候有很多噪音、污染環(huán)境等等問題；從建好后想人來人往，太嘈雜，剛開張時(shí)，說不定有什么慶?；顒?dòng)，人群擁擠，影響舍區(qū)的安靜，還有很多很多大家都可以用這種連鎖法想到。如果贊成的，方便，只需走路就可以看電影了；從走路又想到，節(jié)約路費(fèi)及想到如果在上下班高峰期看電影的話，就可以避開人多的公共交通工具了。。。另外，有了電影院，除了可以看電影幫助消費(fèi)者，另外可以有打工的機(jī)會(huì)，如賣票，小吃部工作幫助學(xué)生補(bǔ)貼boards。這些觀點(diǎn)不外乎就是關(guān)于環(huán)境、社會(huì)關(guān)系、交通、學(xué)生、經(jīng)濟(jì)等等。

　　第五、熟記范文

　　在每次練習(xí)寫作文前，看幾篇和你想寫的命題相關(guān)的范文，記一些例子和句式；另外，注意看范文里論點(diǎn)和論據(jù)是如何展開，以及寫作思維，對比一下你自己的寫作思維。 在寫的時(shí)候一定要卡時(shí)間，超過30分鐘就不要寫了，反過來再看范文，對比一下。如果你沒有寫完，沒有關(guān)系，總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)最重要，分析一下為什么沒有寫完，是因?yàn)閱卧~拼寫耽誤時(shí)間了，還是想不出來論點(diǎn)如何展開。多數(shù)人犯的是第二個(gè)問題，這個(gè)一是需要時(shí)間練習(xí)，二可以根據(jù)偶提供的辦法解決。

　　大家在審?fù)觐}后(花2分鐘想一下2－3個(gè)論點(diǎn))，把想到的論點(diǎn)在電腦上列個(gè)提綱。先把第一段，最后一段寫完，及第二、三或四段的首句寫完首句就是論點(diǎn)，每段的body都是圍繞這幾個(gè)點(diǎn)來。如此，既防止寫不完的情況發(fā)生，又不會(huì)寫偏題因?yàn)槟阍趯懯拙涞臅r(shí)候已經(jīng)檢查了和主題一致與否。把整個(gè)框架打好(在此申明，這個(gè)不是模板，模板太死板，雖然有它的好處，但是模板不能fit每個(gè)不同的命題)，再來想論據(jù)去支持論點(diǎn)。 這一點(diǎn)就看個(gè)人的功底了。如果字?jǐn)?shù)夠了，沒有犯過大的語法錯(cuò)誤，無論文章內(nèi)容豐富與否，至少不會(huì)低于20分了。

　　字?jǐn)?shù)最好控制在320－450之間，太多或低于300都不好。太多的話，除非你寫得很到位，字字珠璣，否則有流水賬之嫌。建議大家多精練句式和邏輯思維。句式不一定要很復(fù)雜，如很多從句之類的，這里指的是地道的英語表達(dá)方法； 文章中最好簡單句兼插從句。精練句式有助于咱們提高寫作水平和質(zhì)量，不在乎寫得多少，只求寫得精及準(zhǔn)確與否；邏輯思維可幫助我們很快的展開論據(jù)支持論點(diǎn)，有條有理，讀者讀著心情也舒暢。

　　第六、咱們來分析一下?？嫉膸讉€(gè)個(gè)題型應(yīng)該如何展開吧。

　　1、Agree or disagree/preference

　　大家再練習(xí)作文的時(shí)候，一定會(huì)有個(gè)問題盤旋在你腦海，如果問題是問do you agree or disagree…?；騞o you prefer which statement or point…。。咱們是該全否定呢？全贊成的 還是中立？但是如果全否定或全贊成好像又太偏激；中立呢，又跑題了。

　　都不妥！ETS不是SB，她出的題大部分98%是有爭議性的，在眾多的考生中有贊成的有反對的，她是見慣不慣了，一看咱們開始寫反對或贊成，她就能機(jī)械化的對號入座，想都不用想就知道咱們寫的什么理由；這樣也有好處，至少不會(huì)認(rèn)為咱們不是地球人，看咱們的文章也熟悉不費(fèi)事。但是想在這種情況下得高分或滿分卻需要一定的功底和應(yīng)試技巧。對于前一段提到的問題，如何寫好Agree or disagree/preference題型呢？最好是按照一下格式來寫。

　　對于第*種題型－Agree or disagree有時(shí)確實(shí)不好完全否定一個(gè)而贊成另個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，折中的方法就是，點(diǎn)題表明你的立場支持哪個(gè)，然后在文章中稍微帶過關(guān)于你不同意的觀點(diǎn)其實(shí)它也有些優(yōu)點(diǎn)，不要說得太多。在結(jié)尾時(shí)再強(qiáng)調(diào)你自己贊成的那個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，這樣就perfect的。

　　對于第二個(gè)題型－preference，最好只贊成一個(gè)寫，實(shí)在是兩個(gè)觀點(diǎn)之間如果相關(guān)很大有很多共同點(diǎn)，都值得人們認(rèn)為是對的，你也可捎帶寫一點(diǎn)另個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的好處，但是著重強(qiáng)調(diào)自己的觀點(diǎn)。

　　對于這種題型，好一點(diǎn)的結(jié)構(gòu)是：

　　第一段：背景，然后點(diǎn)題，贊成(不贊成)或prefer哪個(gè)觀點(diǎn)

　　二：讓步。用of course, for sure, 開頭，引出你相反觀點(diǎn)里很明顯的優(yōu)點(diǎn)(記住是很明顯的，公認(rèn)的優(yōu)點(diǎn))，用一兩句話寫過。

　　三：用nevertheless, however, in contrast,等引出你自己的觀點(diǎn)，這才是正文。

　　四：再加強(qiáng)支持你的觀點(diǎn)

　　五：結(jié)尾。

　　在此，偶想提一下關(guān)于as far as I am concerned 或from my point of view這些句子的用法。

　　這種引出自己觀點(diǎn)看法的句式不是在每個(gè)命題里都可以用的。有些命題不能用，如，preference類，因?yàn)槟阋呀?jīng)支持了一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，從頭到位都是用你自己的觀點(diǎn)在說你所支持的那個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，但后面就不要再說as far as I am concerned的話了，聽起來就像，我喜歡蘋果不喜歡香蕉，為什么？ 因?yàn)閄XX；根據(jù)我的觀點(diǎn)，XXXX－。聽起來是不是有些怪怪的？

　　下面一片文章是按照以上結(jié)構(gòu)寫的一篇Agree or disagree：

　131 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Only people who earn a lot of money are successful. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer。

　　Obviously, a millionaire may be one of the successful tycoons who have numerous money and assets. They may readily swim in the commercial and political ocean since they are rich and powerful. However, it is superficial to simply say that only people who earn much money are successful. One could become successful by doing a big job if he or she bites the bullet in work and can be with a little luck to get the opportunity to fulfill his or her dream or mission。

　　For sure, some people may argue that rich people are powerful, who are also successful. We have to admit that money is able to enrich people's physical lives and can be saved as incredible fortune to their descendants who may enjoy the brilliant lives for long time。

　　However, it is hard to believe that rich people are only the samples or role models of successful people. Some scientists as Newton and Edison have contributed numerously to the world of international development in science, physics, biology, mathematics and so on. Most are not rich but successful. For many, they spent most of their time in the labs to do the experiments which were the processes that have been transformed dramatically from theories to practices. These processes have unbelievably changed our lives and world. On the other hand, most scientists always keep in mind to apply the financial grant from the governments or individual donors. So, are they successful because they are rich? I do not think so。

　　Moreover, people who hold much money may become respectable but not successful by doing something meaningful. As all we know, money is not panacea, however, nowadays anything couldn't be done without money. Generally, anything will be done meaningfully with proper ways and a loving heart. For example, if people who are rich donate a bit of their savings to Hope School or financial institutions to help the poor children or disabled people, hence it may illuminate many children's or disabled people's lives and careers, and may totally change their lives. Probably, some of these children might become the great scientists or powerful tycoons in the future. Who knows? As a matter of fact, those who help the children or disabled people are lovely and respectable but not successful。

　　Therefore, it is pretty clear that I disagree with the statement that only people who earn a lot of money are successful. As far as I am concerned, the value of success will be represented by many significant factors. Money is a little piece of rag of them, which can not be either overemphasized or ignored。

　　字?jǐn)?shù)428

　　2、why類型的題，如People attend college or university for many different reasons (for example, new experiences, career preparation, and increased knowledge).Why do you think people attend college or university? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer。

　　許多朋友對這個(gè)問題不好拿捏，不知道結(jié)構(gòu)怎么寫。其實(shí)最簡單的方法就是最有效的方法。以下是其步驟：

　　1、背景，點(diǎn)題，列舉2－3個(gè)原因。列舉原因的句子最好是一句話。

　　2、第*個(gè)原因。

　　3、第二個(gè)原因。

　　4、第三個(gè)原因。

　　5、結(jié)尾。總結(jié)前三個(gè)原因用一句話說明。然后表面自己對此的看法和感受。

　　下面是一篇根據(jù)以上步驟寫的文章，供參考。

　　People attend college or university for many different reasons (for example, new experiences, career preparation, and increased knowledge).Why do you think people attend college or university? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer。

　　With the development of society, many people are inclined to go to university instead of finding job after high school. Among various motives that drive people to attend college or university are career preparation, increased academic knowledge and new pre-social experiences。

　　Career preparation may be the most common reason people attend college or university. Nowadays the phenomenon of the high education requirements from many companies is progressively outstanding. As is known to all, people may get the better job after graduation. Despite the difficulties of the admission from colleges or universities, people still want to cross into the door to go to university. As the culture of China, some students, who are lack of good condition of study, attempt to go to university learning more knowledge and gaining more opportunities since they know this way may be the only and best path which not only leads toward their brilliant future also changes their lives entirely。

　　Academic knowledge can be much easier accumulated regularly by learning in university. Of course, people can learn knowledge through other ways such as to learn on their own, to read and even observe. However, through the traditional media of colleges or universities, they are the easiest and fastest ways to obtain academic knowledge. This means the teachers in universities, either our instructors or mentors, are able to convey the knowledge, mentally or physically, much more efficient through the adequate methods than other ways such as self-study. Thus, people in college or university can avoid the mistakes that happened before, which can save their much more time to learn something else。

　　New academic experiences help people not only to obtain knowledge but only to understand the social relationship before contacting society. University, in fact, is an academic society which is smaller than our regular society. However, the complication of relationships between students and teachers, among classmates, boys and girls is almost the same as that of relationships of our big whole society. Clique may occur in university like the community or group in common society. Teens that have interests in common like spending their time in the cliques, most of which are related to music, sports, books, or painting. They are very popular in every university. In fact, students who stay in the cliques are consciously or subconsciously tend to learn how to get along with others before attending the regular society。

　　From the reasons I mentioned above, it is pretty clear why people attend college or university that are career preparation, increased academic knowledge and new pre-social experiences. As far as I am concerned, attending college or university is a prerequisite preparation before young are mature. People may accumulate essential skills in university to avoid some evitable troubles。

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