職稱英語考試解題技巧：閱讀題02

二、第二步：判斷，根據(jù)下列原則和規(guī)律，確定正確答案

筆者盡可能將規(guī)律總結(jié)得詳細(xì)些，使同學(xué)們能夠?qū)μ?hào)人座，加快解題的速度和準(zhǔn)確率，但請(qǐng)同學(xué)們不要僵化理解。

（－）Right
1．第*種情況：題目是原文的同義改寫。
通常用同義詞或同義結(jié)構(gòu)。
【例1】
【原文】Dyslexia first was recognized in Europe and the United States more than 80 years ago.
【譯文】80多年前在歐洲和美國發(fā)現(xiàn)讀寫困難癥。
【題目】The first cases of dyslexia in Europe were discovered less than a century ago.
【譯文】在歐洲發(fā)現(xiàn)讀寫困難癥不早于一個(gè)世紀(jì)。
【解釋】題目中discover, less than a century ago與原文中的recognize, more than 80 years ago是同義表達(dá)，因此答案應(yīng)為Right。
【例2】
【原文】Dinosaurs are losing the ecological battle for survival, and biologists are at a loss to explain their demise.
【譯文】恐龍失去了生存下來的生態(tài)競爭能力，生物學(xué)家不能解釋它們的滅亡。
【題目】Biologists are unable to explain why Dinosaurs are dying.
【譯文】生物學(xué)家不能解釋為什么恐龍滅亡。
【解釋】題目中的are unable to與原文中的are at a loss to是同義詞，題目中的why Dinosaurs are dying與原文中的their demise是同義詞，所以答案應(yīng)為Right。
【例3】
【原文】Women could not take part and were forbidden, on pain of death，even to attend the Games.
【譯文】婦女不能參加甚至被禁止出席這個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。
【題目】The spectators, as well as the participants, of the ancient Olympics were male.
【譯文】古代奧運(yùn)會(huì)的觀眾和運(yùn)動(dòng)員都是男的。
【解釋】題目中的spectators與原文中的attend是同義詞，題目中的participants與原文中的take part是同義詞，所以答案應(yīng)為Right。